美国国务卿克林顿夫人关于互联网自由的讲演

SECRETARY CLINTON: Thank you very much, Alberto, for not only that kind introduction but your and your colleagues’ leadership of this important institution. It’s a pleasure to be here at the Newseum. The Newseum is a monument to some of our most precious freedoms, and I’m grateful for this opportunity to discuss how those freedoms apply to the challenges of the 21st century.

Although I can’t see all of you because in settings like this, the lights are in my eyes and you are in the dark, I know that there are many friends and former colleagues. I wish to acknowledge Charles Overby, the CEO of Freedom Forum here at the Newseum; Senator Edward Kaufman and Senator Joe Lieberman, my former colleagues in the Senate, both of whom worked for passage of the Voice Act, which speaks to Congress’s and the American people’s commitment to internet freedom, a commitment that crosses party lines and branches of government.

克林顿国务卿：感谢阿尔伯特的发言，不仅仅是为了感谢你诚挚的介绍，也是为了感谢你和你们同事对这一重要机构的领导。很高兴来到新闻博物馆，新闻博物馆是我们最宝贵的自由的纪念丰碑，我很荣幸有机会在这里讨论面对二十一世纪的挑战需要怎样应用这个自由。

虽然在这里我不能看到所有的你们，因为在这个现场上，聚光灯都照在我身上，你们坐在暗处，我依然知道在座的有很多朋友以及以前的同事们。我要感谢查尔斯·奥弗比——新闻博物馆自由论坛的CEO，参议员埃德华·考夫曼和乔·利伯曼，我在参议员的前同事——他们两位都在为言论法案的通过而努力。言论法案阐述了国会和美国人民对互联网自由的承诺，这个承诺跨越了党派界限和政府部门。

Also, I’m told here as well are Senator Sam Brownback, Senator Ted Kaufman, Representative Loretta Sanchez, many representatives of the Diplomatic Corps, ambassadors, chargés, participants in our International Visitor Leadership Program on internet freedom from China, Colombia, Iran, and Lebanon, and Moldova. And I also want to acknowledge Walter Isaacson, president of the Aspen Institute, recently named to our Broadcasting Board of Governors and, of course, instrumental in supporting the work on internet freedom that the Aspen Institute has been doing.

我在这里面对参议员萨姆·布朗巴克、参议员特德·考夫曼、发言代表洛雷塔·桑切斯、许多外交集团的代表、大使、代表团、我们的来自中国、哥伦比亚、伊朗、黎巴嫩、摩尔多瓦的关于因特网自由的国际访问者领袖计划的与会者讲话，而且我希望感谢沃尔特·艾萨克逊——阿斯本研究所的主席，他最近刚被任命为我们的广播理事会的会长。当然，阿斯本研究所一直从事的工作有助于支持互联网自由。

This is an important speech on a very important subject. But before I begin, I want to just speak briefly about Haiti, because during the last eight days, the people of Haiti and the people of the world have joined together to deal with a tragedy of staggering proportions. Our hemisphere has seen its share of hardship, but there are few precedents for the situation we’re facing in Port-au-Prince. Communication networks have played a critical role in our response. They were, of course, decimated and in many places totally destroyed. And in the hours after the quake, we worked with partners in the private sector; first, to set up the text “HAITI” campaign so that mobile phone users in the United States could donate to relief efforts via text messages. That initiative has been a showcase for the generosity of the American people, and thus far, it’s raised over $25 million for recovery efforts.

这是一个很重要的讲演讨论了一个很重要的主题，但是在我切入正题之前，我想先简单谈谈海地。因为在过去的八天里，海地人民和世界人民正在联合起来对付一起震惊世界的悲剧。西半球正在共抗艰难。但是在太子港我们要面对的情况鲜有先例。在我们的反应里通讯网络发挥了重要的作用。那里，当然地，几近摧毁，很多地方已夷为平地。在地震发生后数小时内，我们与私人部门的合作伙伴一起工作，首先，成立了短信“海地”运动，以便美国的手机用户可以简单地通过短信来捐赠。这个倡议已经成为美国人民的慷慨的展现，而且，它已经为重建工作筹得逾2500万美元。

Information networks have also played a critical role on the ground. When I was with President Preval in Port-au-Prince on Saturday, one of his top priorities was to try to get communication up and going. The government couldn’t talk to each other, what was left of it, and NGOs, our civilian leadership, our military leadership were severely impacted. The technology community has set up interactive maps to help us identify needs and target resources. And on Monday, a seven-year-old girl and two women were pulled from the rubble of a collapsed supermarket by an American search-and-rescue team after they sent a text message calling for help. Now, these examples are manifestations of a much broader phenomenon.

信息网络在当地也扮演了一个关键的角色。当我上周六在太子洪和普雷瓦尔总统一起度过时，他的工作重点之一就是使通信畅通无阻。如果没有它，政府内部就无法对话，非政府组织、我们的民间领袖、我们的军界领袖也会受到严重影响。

The spread of information networks is forming a new nervous system for our planet. When something happens in Haiti or Hunan, the rest of us learn about it in real time – from real people. And we can respond in real time as well. Americans eager to help in the aftermath of a disaster and the girl trapped in the supermarket are connected in ways that were not even imagined a year ago, even a generation ago. That same principle applies to almost all of humanity today. As we sit here, any of you – or maybe more likely, any of our children – can take out the tools that many carry every day and transmit this discussion to billions across the world.

Now, in many respects, information has never been so free. There are more ways to spread more ideas to more people than at any moment in history. And even in authoritarian countries, information networks are helping people discover new facts and making governments more accountable.

现在，在许多方面，信息从未如此自由，历史上任何时候都没有像现在这样有很多的渠道来传播更多的想法给更多的人。即使在专制国家，信息网络也帮助了人们发现新的真相，使政府更加负责。

During his visit to China in November, for example, President Obama held a town hall meeting with an online component to highlight the importance of the internet. In response to a question that was sent in over the internet, he defended the right of people to freely access information, and said that the more freely information flows, the stronger societies become. He spoke about how access to information helps citizens hold their own governments accountable, generates new ideas, encourages creativity and entrepreneurship. The United States belief in that ground truth is what brings me here today.

在去年11月份访问中国期间，奥巴马总统举行了一次含有在线部分的市政厅会议来强调互联网的重要性。在回答这些通过互联网发过来的问题时，他捍卫了人们自由获得信息的权利，并说，信息流动更自由，则社会更强大。他谈到了如何利用信息帮助公民督促自己的政府负责任、产生新的思想、鼓励创意和进取精神。美国信念**今天带我来到这里。

Because amid this unprecedented surge in connectivity, we must also recognize that these technologies are not an unmitigated blessing. These tools are also being exploited to undermine human progress and political rights. Just as steel can be used to build hospitals or machine guns, or nuclear power can either energize a city or destroy it, modern information networks and the technologies they support can be harnessed for good or for ill. The same networks that help organize movements for freedom also enable al-Qaida to spew hatred and incite violence against the innocent. And technologies with the potential to open up access to government and promote transparency can also be hijacked by governments to crush dissent and deny human rights.

但是在互联领域前所未有的高速发展的同时，我们还必须承认，这些技术并不是完全的幸事。这些工具也被利用来破坏人类的进步和政治权利，就像钢铁既可以用来建医院也可以用来造枪，核能既可以激发一个城市也可以摧毁它，现代信息网络和技术和他们支持的技术既可以用来做好事也可以用来干坏事。同一个网络，它既可以帮助组织争取自由的活动，也使基地组织可以喷射出仇恨和骟动针对无辜者的暴力。可以用来打开政府的可接触性、提升透明度的技术也可以被各国政府劫持用来镇压政治异见者和剥夺人权。

In the last year, we’ve seen a spike in threats to the free flow of information. China, Tunisia, and Uzbekistan have stepped up their censorship of the internet. In Vietnam, access to popular social networking sites has suddenly disappeared. And last Friday in Egypt, 30 bloggers and activists were detained. One member of this group, Bassem Samir, who is thankfully no longer in prison, is with us today. So while it is clear that the spread of these technologies is transforming our world, it is still unclear how that transformation will affect the human rights and the human welfare of the world’s population.

在最近的几年里，我们已经看到了威胁信息自由流动的一个苗头。中国、突尼斯、乌兹别列克斯坦已经加紧对互联网审查，在越南，受欢迎的社交网站已经突然消失了。在埃及，上周五有30个写博客的人和活动分子被拘禁了。他们中的一位，哈基姆·萨米尔，那个刚刚得到释放的幸运儿，今天也正在座。因此，虽然很明显这些技术的传播改变了我们的世界，但是依然不能确定这些改变将怎样影响人权和这个世界全体居民的人类福利。